Distinguishing Asian Mint, Peppermint and Hung Lui

In short: Asian mint (Mentha arvensis, also called Japanese mint) is the richest in menthol and the main source of menthol and mint oil. Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is a hybrid with a strong cooling aroma, popular in Europe and the US. Spearmint (Mentha spicata) and Vietnamese hung lui are mild, low-menthol culinary herbs. Always ask for the botanical name and origin when buying.

Quick comparison

Telling them apart by sight and smell

• Japanese mint: thick stems, large thick leaves, flowers in whorls at leaf axils; a sharp cooling smell when crushed.
• Peppermint: often dark purple stems, flowers in terminal spikes; strong but pleasant.
• Spearmint, hung lui: smaller, clearly toothed bright-green leaves; mild, not sharp.

Which one to choose?

• Oil and menthol: Japanese mint – see the SW88 variety.
• Tea and drinks: peppermint, or a little Japanese mint.
• Fresh herb: hung lui, spearmint.

FAQ

Is oil labelled “peppermint” always Mentha × piperita?

Not always. Some products use Asian mint oil but say peppermint. Check the botanical name and the test report.

Can hung lui be distilled?

Yes, but the yield is small and the aroma very different; it is unsuitable for menthol.

Further reading

• Japanese mint vs. common mint
• SW88 Japanese mint variety
• Mint plant guide